Fiber Optic Distance Chart — OM1–OM5 & OS2

Maximum standardized reach for every common ethernet application by fiber type. Values are IEEE 802.3 PMD specs except the SWDM rows, which are MSA (labeled in the basis column) — an optic can be sold to run farther, but these are the numbers a design can lean on. A dash means the application is not specified for that fiber.

Reach by application and fiber type

IEEE 802.3 / MSA
Maximum channel reach per application and fiber type. * on the 1000BASE-LX multimode cells: requires a mode-conditioning patch cord. The basis column is part of the data — SWDM rows are MSA specifications, not IEEE.
ApplicationOM1OM2OM3OM4OM5OS2 (SM)Basis
1000BASE-SX (1G, 850 nm)275 m550 m550 m550 m550 mIEEE 802.3z
1000BASE-LX (1G, 1310 nm)550 m*550 m*550 m*550 m*550 m*5 kmIEEE 802.3z
10GBASE-SR (850 nm)33 m82 m300 m400 m400 mIEEE 802.3ae
10GBASE-LR (1310 nm)10 kmIEEE 802.3ae
10GBASE-ER (1550 nm)40 kmIEEE 802.3ae
25GBASE-SR (850 nm)70 m100 m100 mIEEE 802.3by
40GBASE-SR4 (MPO parallel)100 m150 m150 mIEEE 802.3ba
40GBASE-LR4 (WDM)10 kmIEEE 802.3ba
40G-SWDM4 (duplex LC)240 m350 m440 mSWDM MSA (not IEEE)
100GBASE-SR4 (MPO parallel)70 m100 m100 mIEEE 802.3bm
100G-SWDM4 (duplex LC)75 m100 m150 mSWDM MSA (not IEEE)
100GBASE-LR4 (WDM)10 kmIEEE 802.3ba
400GBASE-SR8 (MPO-16 parallel)70 m100 m100 mIEEE 802.3cm
400GBASE-DR4 (parallel SM)500 mIEEE 802.3bs
400GBASE-FR4 (CWDM)2 kmIEEE 802.3cu
400GBASE-LR8 (WDM)10 kmIEEE 802.3bs
Vendor “engineered link” claims (550 m OM4 at 10G, ~1 km OM3/OM4 at 1G) exceed these standardized values and depend on tested channel loss — treat them as manufacturer-specific, not design values.

Reading the table for design

Two patterns do most of the work. First: within multimode, each speed generation cut reach roughly in half until OM3/OM4 restored it — which is why OM1/OM2 are effectively dead for anything above 1G. Second: single-mode reach is a property of the optics (LR 10 km, ER 40 km), not the fiber, so OS2 never becomes obsolete the way OM1 did. The rule that falls out: inside a room, multimode with cheap VCSEL optics; between rooms or buildings, or wherever there is any distance doubt, pull OS2 — the multimode vs singlemode comparison walks the trade-off, and the transceiver chart decodes the optic names in the application column.

Common questions

How far can OM4 fiber run 10 Gbps?

400 meters — the IEEE 802.3ae engineered value for 10GBASE-SR on OM4 (OM3 runs 300 m). Vendor tables sometimes quote 550 m on OM4; that is an engineered-link claim outside the standard. OM5 adds nothing at 10G — its 850 nm bandwidth matches OM4; the OM5 advantage only appears with SWDM optics.

What is the maximum distance for single-mode fiber?

It depends on the optics, not the glass: 10 km with LR transceivers, 40 km with ER, 80 km with ZR (a vendor convention), and effectively unlimited with amplified DWDM systems. For premises and campus work the practical answer is that OS2 with LR optics covers anything under 10 km — the fiber will never be the limit.

Is OM5 worth it over OM4?

Only if SWDM optics are in the plan. At every single-wavelength 850 nm application (10/25/40/100G-SR), OM5 specifies the same reach as OM4. Its wideband advantage appears with 40G/100G-SWDM4 duplex optics: 440 m vs 350 m at 40G, and 150 m vs 100 m at 100G. For a new plant expecting parallel-optics (SR4-style) growth, OM4 plus more fibers usually beats OM5.

Can 1000BASE-LX run on multimode?

Yes, to 550 m — but only with a mode-conditioning patch cord at each end, which offsets the laser launch to avoid exciting the fiber's center defect. It is a legacy bridge worth knowing when a 1310 nm optic must ride an old OM1/OM2 plant.

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